Coating composition



Patented June 5, 1934 COATING COMPOSITION Irvin W. Humphrey, Wharton, N. J., assignor to Hercules Powder Company, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application January 2, 1929,

- Serial No. 329,955

11 Claims.- (Cl. 134-49) My' invention relates to an improvement in be included in amounts for example, within the coating compositions and more particularly to range of about '2%-15%. A typical varnish incompositions of a character such that ester gums eluding for example, hydrogenated glycerol formed from resin acids may be more desirably abietate may have, for example, the following included as an ingredient, as for example, in formula: 55 varnishes, lacquers, and the like, than has hitherto been the case.

Heretofore in coating compositions, as for example, varnishes, lacquers, and the like, it has been known to utilize ester gum as an ingredi- Hydrogenated glycerylabietate Range Example Percent Percent 25.40 ent, the ester gum being formed, for example, figggg gg drier 0,5. l 1 from ab1et1c acid, pimaric acid and the llke, to Nephtba -70 59 displace fossil resins in whole or in part. -Ester Lmseed gums as heretofore known and as included in coating compositions have, however, not proved Where P hydrogelnfited ester gum 1S Included entirely satisfactory for certain conditions of use m a mg comp 0f the a ter of a i th coating composition chiefly because of lacquer, such may be composed of-a hydrogenthe fact that they tend-to absorb oxygen graduated ester gum, as, for example, hydrogenated ally. and1ose flexibility on exposure ethyl abietate, hydrogenated glyceral abietate,.

Th i l i of an ester gum which will eetc., nitrocellulose or nitrostarch and a solvent come less flexible on exposure is deleterious to therefolfq If desifed, there m befidded to $11911 coating compositions and where such is included Composltmn Vanous other mgredlents 1 1n th film resulting fro t composition will lacquers, such ior example, as other nitrocelpossess 1 of flexibility and hence relatively lulose solvents, toluol, alcohol, etc. Where hy- 10w m drogenated ester gum is used as an ingredient Now, in accordance with my invention, I have of lacquers it may be used in amfmnt within discovered that if a hydrogenated ester gum be about f range 8%"13% and as m the case included in coating compositions of the character of Vamlsh m be used to replace h usual ester indicated and the use of ordinary ester gum is gum 05511 u in whole in Part- 0 avoided, a film having desirable flexibility and A typical lacquer including hydrogenated consequent durability will be produced. ter gum may be made, for example, according In accordance with my invention a hydrogento the followmg formula: ated ester gum may be included in coating compositions of the character of varnish, and also Range Example in coating compositions of the character of lac- '85 1 containing, for x mpl nitrated Carbo- Nitrated carbohydrate (nitrocellulose, Percent Percent hydrates, as nitrocellulose, nitrostarch, and the &3 lg like. Where the hydrogenated ester gum is in- 'r infii e e y a m a e Ho 25 cludd a W character F gig}33322313311311: 3 2% varnish, the composition may include as ingredl- Butanol and ethyl alcohol.... 5l5 1o ents a hydrogenated ester gum, as hydrogenated Gum 1 ethyl abietate, hydrogenated glyceryl abietate,

etc., and such other ingredients as maybe de- The coat comp bn in accordance with sirable, such, for example, as linseed oil, a drier, my invention w c n n h y na d e as lead linoleate, china wood oil, turpentine, ter of a resin acid, as abietic acid, pimaric acid, mineral spirits, etc. and the like, such for example, as the ethyl, In coating compositions of the character of glyceryl, amyl, benzyl, glycol, pentaerythrite, etc., a varnish, the hydrogenated ester gum may be ester. included in substitution, in whole or in part, The hydrogenated ester gum for use in confor the usual ester gum or fossil resins and may nection with compositions in accordance with my invention may be prepared, for example, by first esterifying a resin acid, as abietic acid, pimaric acid, etc., and then hydrogenating the ester, for example, ethyl abietate, by treating the ester with hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst, as for example, finely divided palladium at room temperature, or nickel under suitable pressure and temperature conditions. For example, an abietate ester, which possesses two unsaturated double bonds, will absorb hydrogen rapidly until one double bond is saturated, aiter which the hydrogen will be taken up very slowly. The hydrogenation of an ester of abietic acid may be effected with a nickel catalyst under pressure within about the range 15-200 pounds at temperatures within about the range 200 C.- 300 C.

Hydrogenated resin esters for use in coating compositions in accordance with my invention, may also be produced, if desired, by the esterification of a hydrogenated resin acid, as abietic acid, pimaric acid, etc., as for example, dihydro or tetrahydro-abietic acid, the ester being prepared by treating the hydrogenated abietic acid, with a catalyst and an alcohol in the presence of heat, in the usual manner for esterification.

It will be understood that where in the above description of my invention reference is made to abietic acid, I intend to include rosin as well as abietic acid, as such, or in the pure state, it being understood that wood or gum rosin is essentially composed of abietic acid together with impurities. It will be understood that coating compositions in accordance with my invention may include a hydrogenated ester of abietic acid or of other resin acids, as for example, pimaric acid, or those of the fossil resins as dammar or kauri.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:-

1. A coating composition including as ingredi-- ents nitrocellulose, a hydrogenated ethyl ester of abietic acid and a solvent therefor.

2. A coating composition including as ingredients a hydrogenated ethyl ester of abietic acid, nitrated carbohydrate and a solvent therefor.

3. A coating composition including as ingredients a nitrated carbohydrate, an ester of a resin acid the unsaturation of the acyl radical of which is reduced by hydrogen and a solvent therefor.

4. A coating composition including as ingredients nitrocellulose, an alkyl ester of a resin acid the unsaturation of the acyl radical of which is reduced by hydrogen and a solvent therefor.

5. A coating composition including as ingredients a nitrated carbohydrate, an alkyl ester of abietic acid the unsaturation of the acyl radical of which is reduced by hydrogen and a solvent therefor.

6. A coating composition including as ingredients a nitrated carbohydrate, a monohydric alcohol ester of abietic acid, the unsaturation of the acyl radical of which is reduced by hydrogen and a solvent therefor.

'I. A coating composition including as ingredients a nitrated carbohydrate, a glycerol ester of abietic acid the unsaturation of the acyl radical of which is reduced by hydrogen and a solvent therefor.

8. A coating composition including as ingredients nitrocellulose, a glycerol ester of abietic acid the unsaturation of the acyl radical of which is reduced by hydrogen and a solvent therefor.

9. A coating composition including as ingredients a nitrated carbohydrate, a hydrogenated glycol ester of abietic acid and a solvent therefor.

10. A coatingcomposition including as ingredients nitrocellulose, a hydrogenated glycol ester of abietic acid and a solvent therefor.

11. A coating composition including as ingredients nitrocellulose, a monohydric alcohol ester of abietic acid, the unsaturation of the acyl radical of which is reduced by hydrogen and a solvent therefor.

IRVIN W. HUMPHREY. 

